-
1 ἐπιλαμβάνω
A take or get besides,ἐπὶ τοῖς πεντήκοντα ταλάντοις ἑκατόν Arist.Pol. 1259a28
: c. gen. partit., ἐ. τοῦ χρόνου take a little more time, M.Ant.1.17;τῆς ἀρχῆς Paus.9.14.5
.2. simply, take, receive, PEleph.10.1 (iii B.C.), OGI179.18 (Egypt, i B.C.), etc.II. lay hold of, seize, attack, as a disease, Hdt.8.115, Hp.Aph.6.51, Th.2.51; of an enemy, Luc.Nav.36:—[voice] Pass.,ἐπείληπται νόσῳ S.Ant. 732
; τὴν αἴσθησιν ἐπιληφθείς becoming unconscious, Plu.Flam.6; ἐπελήφθη had an epileptic fit, Gal.11.859.b. of events, overtake, surprise, μὴ..χειμὼν τὴν φυλακὴν ἐπιλάβοι Th.4.27
; νυκτὸς ἐπιλαβούσης τὸ ἔργον ib. 96;ταχὺ ἐπιλαβὸν γῆρας Pl.Epin. 974a
: impers., ἐπιλαμβάνει, c. acc. et inf., it befalls one that.., Paus.6.22.4, 7.21.1.2. attain to, come within reach of, reach, X.An.6.5.6; ἔτη ὀκτὼ ἐ. πολέμου live over eight years, Th.4.133;ἡμέρας ἑπτακαίδεκα τῆς ἑβδόμης ὑπατείας Plu.Mar. 46
: c. gen. partit., ἐ. τετάρτου μηνός arrive at, of the foetus, Arist.HA 583b22 (but ἐ. τοῦ ἑνδεκάτου μηνός, of the mother, ib. 584a37); ὥστε καὶ τοῦ χειμῶνος ἐ. Thphr.HP1.9.6.3. seize, stop, esp. by pressure, ;ἐ. τὸ κλύσμα τῆς ὀπίσω ὁδοῦ Hdt.2.87
; ἐ. τὸ ὕδωρ stop the water-clock in court, Lys.23.4, Is.3.76;τὸν αὐλίσκον Arist.Ath.67.3
, cf. Pr. 866b13, Plb.10.44.12;τὸ στόμα τοῖς ἐπικαλύμμασιν Arist.HA 527b21
.4. occupy space, μηδὲν τῶν τῆς πόλεως.. οἰκοδομήμασι ἐ. Pl.Lg. 779c ([voice] Med.);πλείω τόπον Arist. Cael. 305b19
;πλατύτερον τόπον Plu.Cat.Ma.5
: metaph., πολὺν χῶρον ἐ. get over much ground, traverse it rapidly, Theoc.13.65.5. c. gen., undertake, τῆς κινήσεως, τῆς νήξεως, Ael.NA5.18, 13.19.7. intr., succeed, follow, Arist.Pr. 860a7.8. of food or drink, take extra,οἰνάριον Plu.Cat.Ma.1
; take after other food, Dsc.2.112.III. [voice] Med. (with [tense] pf.ἐπείλημμαι Pl.Cra. 396d
, D.3.27), hold oneself on by, lay hold of, c. gen.,τῶν νεῶν Hdt.6.113
, Th.4.14, etc.;τῶν ἀφλάστων νεός Hdt. 6.114
; τῶν ἐπισπαστήρων ib.91;τῆς ἴτυος X.An.4.7.12
;τῶν ἁμαξῶν Plu.Oth.3
; ὅτου ἐπιλάβοιτο τὰ δρέπανα whomsoever the scythes caught, X.Cyr.7.1.31; ;ἐπιλαβόμενός [τινος] τῇ χειρί D. 21.60
; τῶν τριχῶν by the hair, Aeschin.3.150; μὴ 'πιλαμβάνου hold me not! E.Ph. 896.2. attack.τινός X.HG4.2.22
; esp. with words, Pl.Phdr. 236b; of things, τῆς θερμασίας πόρων -ομένης Epieur.Ep.2p.52U.; of diseases, Luc.Nigr.29.3. make a seizure of, arrest,τῶν παίδων D.33.9
; seize goods in default of payment, Id.21.133.b. lay hands on in assertion of a claim, Pl.Lg. 954c, POxy.1707.15 (iii A.D.), etc.4. lay hold of, get, obtain, προστάτεω a chief, Hdt.1.127;προφάσιος ἔς τινα Id.3.36
, cf. 6.49;δυνάμιος Id.9.09
; ; ἐξουσίας, γαλήνης, Pl.R. 360d, Plt. 273a, cf. PTeb.48.20 (ii B.C.), etc.; ἐ. λογισμῷ, Lat. ratione assequi, Pl.Phd. 79a.5. of Place, reach, ;τῶν ὀρῶν Plu.Ant.41
: metaph., of a state or condition, ἐρημίας ἐπειλημμένοι having found an empty field, i.e. an absence of all competitors, D.3.27, cf. Arist.Pol. 1305b16.6. attempt,πράξεων μεγάλων Plu.Mar.7
.8. take up, interrupt in speaking, Id.Grg. 506b, Smp. 214e; object to,τοῦ ψηφίσματος X.HG2.1.32
; ἐ. ὅτι.. object that.., Pl.R. 490c.9. rarely c. acc., seize, τὰς Ἀθήνας (leg. λήψονται) Lycurg.84.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιλαμβάνω
-
2 προσλαμβάνω
A- λήψομαι X.An.7.3.13
: [tense] aor.προσέλᾰβον Id.Mem.3.14.4
: [tense] pf.- είληφα Id.An.7.6.32
, [dialect] Ion.- λελάβηκα Eus.Mynd. 51
:— take or receive besides or in addition, get over and above, ἄρτον προσέλαβε (sc. τῷ ὄψῳ) X.Mem. l.c.; πρὸς τοῖς παροῦσιν ἄλλα [κακά] A.Pr. 323; ;π. αἰσχύνην Th.5.111
;ἐμπειρίαν Id.6.18
;ὧν μάλιστα δεόμεθα And.3.23
;δόξαν γελοίαν ἡμῖν X.Smp.4.8
;ἄλλην εὔκλειαν πρὸς ἐκείνοις Id.An.7.6.32
; μισθόν ib.7.3.13;λόγον τῇ ἀληθεῖ δόξῃ Pl.Tht. 207c
;δωρειάς D.19.147
;παιδείαν Id.61.42
; παιδεύματα [S.] Fr.1120.4; ; in tmesi,τοῦτο πρὸς ζητεῖς λαβεῖν Men.Epit. 132
; : abs., make gains, D.2.7; make progress, Lib. Or.54.16:—[voice] Pass., τὸ προσειλημμένον what has been gained, opp. τὸ ἀπολειπόμενον, Plu.2.77c.2 take in, add an area to a building site, PCair.Zen.193.6 (iii B.C.):—Math., τὸ ποτιλαμβανόμενον orποτιλᾱφθὲν χωρίον Archim.Spir.Praef.
; προσλαβών, plus, opp. λιπών, minus, Apollon.Perg.Con.3.12.b προσλαβών, multiplied by.., Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.8.2:—[voice] Pass., κοινοῦ -ληφθέντος λόγου if the ratio be multiplied into both, Papp.164.22.c in Music, ὁ προσλαμβανόμενος [τόνος] the added note at the bottom of the scale, Ph.1.111, Plu.2.1028f, etc.3 c. acc. pers., take to oneself as one's helper or partner, , cf. A. Pr. 219, E.Med. 885, Hipp. 1011;ἱππέας καὶ πελταστάς X.Cyr.1.4.16
;πόλεις τὰς μὲν βίᾳ τὰς δ' ἑκούσας Id.HG4.1.1
;τινὰς τῶν πολιτῶν D. 15.14
; ; π. ἀδελφοὺς τοῖς παισί, by a second marriage, X.Lac.1.9: with a second acc., π. τινὰ σύμμαχον Id.An.7.6.27, cf. Lys.26.16:—[voice] Med.,πόλεις προσλαβέσθαι Plb.1.37.5
;μισθοφόρους Plu.Pel.27
; π. τινὰ συνεργόν, κοινωνόν, PFay.12.10 (ii B.C.), PAmh.100.4 (ii/iii A.D.); of admitting into the army,π. τὸν.. μου ἀδελφὸν.. εἰς τὴν Δεξειλάου σημέαν UPZ14.21
(ii B.C.); προσλαβέσθαι γνώμην τινός get his vote besides, Plb.3.70.2:—[voice] Pass., admitted, enrolled,PTeb.
61 (a).2, cf.31,al. (ii B.C.).b [voice] Med., appropriate neighbouring land,π. τῇ ἑαυτοῦ οἰκίᾳ ψιλοὺς τόπους Sammelb.5954.5
(i A.D.), cf. BGU1060.17 (i B.C.).4 in Logic, add by apposition, , cf. Id.APr. 58b27 ([voice] Pass.); assume as minor premiss, Stoic.2.85, Muson. Fr.1p.2H., Procl.in Prm.p.855S.; cf. πρόσληψις.5 borrow,τι κερμάτιον Men.Her.32
;ἡ σελήνη φέγγος ἴδιον οὐκ ἔχει, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου προσλαμβάνει Eudox. Ars 11.15
.II take hold of,με π. κουφίσας S.Tr. 1025
(lyr.); π. τὸν ἀγωγέα βραχύτερον shorten the rein, Stratt.52:—[voice] Med., take hold of, c. gen., Ar.Ach. 1215 sq., Lys. 202; .2 fasten, Hp. Art.78, Arist.PA 670a14; καταδεῖν καὶ π. v.l. in Thphr.HP6.2.2:—[voice] Pass., δεσμοῖς π. Arist.PA 654b27, cf. HA 497a22; to be enveloped, Ruf.Anat.32.3 lend a hand, help, X.An.2.3.11 and 12;π. τινί
help, assist,IG
12.374.54, cf. Ar. Pax 9 ([voice] Med.); τῆς ἀποκρίσεως ὑμῖν.. π. help you to find an answer, Pl.Lg. 897d; οἱ ποταμοὶ π. τῇ θαλάττῃ co-operate with.., Str.2.5.17, cf. 11.4.2, 13.1.1:—[voice] Med., προσελάβετο τοῦ πάθεος he was partly the author of what befell, cj. for - εβάλετο in Hdt.8.90:— [voice] Pass., π. ὑπό τινος to be aided by.., Vett.Val.58.16.III προσείληφασιν have learnt, believe, ὅτι.. f.l. for προσυπ- in Dsc.2.141.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσλαμβάνω
-
3 προσοφλισκάνω
A : 2 [tense] aor.- ῶφλον D.35.46
, etc.; 1 [tense] aor.προσοφλῆσαι Alciphr.3.26
:— owe besides,πεντακοσίας δραχμάς, ἃς προσῶφλεν D.58.19
: abs., incur a debt, Arist. l.c.2 as law-term, lose one's suit and incur a penalty besides,π. τὰ ἐπιτίμια D. 35.46
;τὴν ἐπωβελίαν Id.45.6
, Aeschin.1.163; χιλίας (sc. δραχμάς) D.23.80: abs., στρατηγήσας προσῶφλε was fined in his office of στρατηγός, Antiph.204.5.3 generally, incur besides,π. αἰσχύνην D.5.5
, 8.12; ἀνελευθερίαν τῇ κακοηθείᾳ π. get a character for meanness in addition to.., Plu.2.856c, cf. 43c;γέλωτα Alciphr.
l.c.; π. τὸν λεγόμενον ἰχθύων βίον deserve to be said to live like fish, Plb. 15.20.3.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσοφλισκάνω
-
4 μασάομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `chew, bite' (Hp., com., Arist.).Other forms: aor. μασήσασθαι.Derivatives: ( δια-) μάσημα `bite' (Hp., Antiph., Thphr.), ( δια-)μάσησις `chewing' (Thphr., Dsc.), μασητήρ "chewer", `muscle of the lower jaw' (Hp.), παρα-μασήτης "help-chewer", ' παράσιτος, parasite' (midd. Com.). Besides παραμασύντης `id.' (midd. Com.; μασύντης H.), Μασυντίας PN (Ar.) from *μασύνω; cf. μοσσύνειν μασᾶσθαι βραδέως H. and Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 61 (Chantr. corrects to μασ-, which may be right or wrong; the variation might point to Pre-Greek.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The meaning of μασάομαι suggests an iterative -intensive deverbativ, from a primary yot-present (cf. φῡράω to φύ̄ρω from *φῠρ-ι̯ω, Schwyzer 719). Besides *μασύνω as innovation (after ἁπαλύνω etc.; diff. interpretation s. ματτύη). From μάθυιαι γνάθοι H. (cf. αἴθυια: αἴθω) we get a stem μαθ-, which got a το-suffix in μάσταξ (\< μαθ-τ-); s. v. -- A remarkable formal similarity is shown by synonymous Lat. mandō, - ere `chew', which can represent a nasalized IE * madh- (= μαθ-), cf. Leumann Lat. Gr. 313). If Germ., e.g. OHG mindel, OWNo. mēl n. `bit of the bridle' (IE * ment-), Goth. munÞs 'mouth' (IE *mn̥t-) would belong here, μαθ- could be the zero grade of it (with aspiration of the tenuis); but they must rather be connected with Welsh mant `jaw, mouth', Lat. mentum `jaw'. Doubtful is the rendering of Skt. math- (mostly `beat up, stir, rub') with `tear up, feed on' in AV 5, 8, 4 etc. (Specht Ursprung 254 after Oertel), s. Narten IIJ 4, 121 f., where a math-'tear away, rob' is assumed. An IE * menth- `chew, bit, mouth' (WP. 2, 270, Pok. 732f.), then, is not at all ascertained. -- Quite diff. on μασάομαι Sommer IF 11. 266 (from IE *mad-si̯ā- to Goth. mats `food' etc.; morphologically doubtful). Albanian combinations in Mann Lang. 17, 20. - However, the form μοσσυνειν seems to prove Pre-Greek origin.Page in Frisk: 2,179-180Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μασάομαι
-
5 περιλαμβάνω
A embrace, τινα X. An.7.4.10, Smp.9.4, LXXGe.29.13, etc.; grasp,ταῖς χερσὶν πέτρας Pl.Sph. 246a
: hence πολλὸν τοῦ ἀσφαλέος π. Hp.VM9.2 encompass or surround an enemy, Hdt.8.7,16, Plb.2.29.5, etc. ; μετεώρους τὰς ναῦς π. intercept them at sea, Th.8.42 ;χάρακι π. κύκλῳ τὴν πόλιν Plb.1.48.10
; ἐπεὰν δὲ αὐτὸν περιλάβῃς when you get hold of him, catch him, Hdt.5.23 ; πανοικίῃ τινὰ π. Id.8.106;π. τὸν θῆρα Pl.Sph. 235b
; π. τόπον ὑπὸ [ διφθέραις] cover it over, Phylarch.41 J.; also of water,πλείω π. τόπον Plb.4.39.8
:—[voice] Pass., to be caught, trapped,οἴμοι, περιείλημμαι μόνος Ar.Pl. 934
; τῷ καιρῷ περιληφθέντες constrained by.., Plb.6.58.6, etc.3 compass, get possession of,ἅπαντα τὰ ἐκείνου Is.8.37
;πάντα π. ταῖς ἐλπίσιν Plb.8.1.3
; acquire an art, Phld.Rh.2.21 S.II encase or cover all round,τοῦ τείχους χαλκῷ τὸν περίδρομον Id.Criti. 116b
;νεύροις.. κύκλῳ κατὰ κορυφὴν περιειλημμένη Id.Ti. 77e
;χρυσαῖς λεπίσι περιληφθῆναι Plb.10.27.10
;χαλκοῖς ἥλοις Moschio
ap.Ath.5.207b:—[voice] Pass., of substances taken in a medium, Ph.Bel.89.17.III comprehend, include, ;τῷ λόγῳ Id.8.141
;τῷ λόγῳ τὸ ὄν Pl.Sph. 249d
; πολλὰ εἴδη ἑνὶ ὀνόματι ib. 226e, cf. Plt. 288c ([voice] Pass.); δύο γὰρ ὄντα αὐτὰ καὶ.. τρίτον ἄλλο εἶδος ἓν ὄνομα περιλαβόν since one name includes the two, and a third class besides, Id.Lg. 837a ; μιᾷ ἰδέᾳ καθ' ἓν ἕκαστον π. Id.Phdr. 273e ;π. πάντα D.61.30
;π. τῇ διανοίᾳ τὸ μέλλον Plu.Luc.9
;τὴν ἱστορίαν γραφῇ Id.Cic.41
; π. τὴν.. διάλεκτον compass it (Coraës παραλαβεῖν), Id.Ant.27; βραχεῖ λόγῳ π. Luc. Peregr.42 ;π. ταῖς συνθήκαις τινά Plb.5.67.12
;ὅσα μὴ σφόδρα περιείληφε ἓν ὁ νόμος τι προσαγορεύσας Lycurg.9
:—[voice] Pass.,θήρα πάμπολύ τι πρᾶγμά ἐστι περιειλημμένον ὀνόματι νῦν σχέδον ἑνί Pl.Lg. 823b
;περιληφθῆναι τοῖς νόμοις Arist.Pol. 1287b19
;τοσούτων περιειλημμένων κακῶν Phld.Sto.339.13
(- ειλλημε- Pap.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περιλαμβάνω
-
6 νέομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `(happily) reach (some place), get away, return, get home' (Il.; on the aspect Bloch Suppl. Verba 38ff.); besides νίσομαι (- σσ-), only presentstem except for uncertain or late attestations of a supposed aorist νίσ(σ)ασθαι, often w. prefix. e.g. μετα-, ποτι-, ἀπο-, `drive, go, come' (Il.).Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. ἀπο-.Derivatives: 1. νόστος m. `return, home-coming, (happy) journey' (Il.), also `income, produce' (Trypho ap. Ath. 14, 618d; ἄ-νοστος `without yield' Thphr.); from it νόστιμος `belonging to the return' (Od.), also `giving produce, fruitful, feeding' (Call., Thphr., Plu.), NGr. `plaisant' (Arbenz 20 f., Chantraine Rev. de phil. 67, 129 ff., also Frisk Adj. priv. 8); denominative verb νοστέω, also w. prefix, e. g. ἀπο-, ὑπο-, περι-, `return, come home, jouney in gen.' (ep. poet. Il., also Hdt.) with ἀπο-, ὑπο-, περι-νόστησις f. `return, drawing back etc.' (late). -- 2. Νέστωρ, - ορος m. PN (Il.), litt. "who happily gets somewhere" v.t. conventional name without symbolic content; on the meaning (quite diff.) Palmer Eranos 54, 8 w. n. 4, also Kretschmer Glotta 12, 104f. against Meister HK228; from it Νεστόρεος (Il.; Aeol. for - ιος? Wackernagel Unt. 68f.), - ειος (Pi., E.), νεστορίς, - ίδος f. name of a beaker (Ath. 11, 487f).Etymology: The themat. rootpresent νέομαι, which because of νόσ-τος must stand for *νέσ-ομαι, agrees formally with Germ., e.g. Goth. ga-nisan `heal, be saved', OE ge-nesan `escape, be saved, survive', NHG genesen; semantically the connection between these verbs is, which agree also as to the confective aspect (Bloch Suppl. Verba 39ff.) to each other, immediately clear. Semantically farther off stands the also formally identical Skt. násate `come near, approach, meet smbody, unite'; if the also connected Nā́satyā m., dual. indicating the Aśvins prop. means "Healers, Saviours", it fits well with νέομαι, ga-nisan with the caus. Goth. nasjan `save', OHG nerian `save, heal, feed' (cf. νόστος, - ιμος) etc. Less clear is Alb. knellem `recover, become lively again'; Jokl WienAkSb. 168: 1, 40); non-committal the comparison with Toch. A nasam, B nesau `I am'; quite diff. Pedersen Tocharisch 160 f. (On ναίω `live' s.v.) Cf. also ἄσμενος. -- In νί̄σομαι (false νίσσομαι) one supposes generally a reduplicated *νί-νσ-ομαι; on the phonetical problems (one would have expected *νί̄νομαι) see Brugmann-Thumb 332 and (with diff. explanation) Wackernagel KZ 29,136 (= Kl. Schr. 1, 639) as well as Bechtel Lex. s.v. (s. also Schwyzer 287 and Lasso de la Vega Emer. 22, 91 f.). The usual connection with Skt. níṃsate (\< * ni-ns-) `they kiss, touch with the mouth' (e.g. Brugmann Grundr.1 II: 3, 106) is semantically rather in the air; cf. also Mayrhofer s.v. After Meillet BSL 27, 230 a. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 440 νίσ(σ)ομαι would rather be a desiderative with reduced vowelgrade and inner gemination; phonetically very difficult. -- Further details in WP. 2, 334f., Pok. 766f., Schwyzer 690 w. n. 4.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νέομαι
-
7 παραλύω
I c. acc. rei, loose and take off, detach,τὰ πηδάλια τῶν νεῶν Hdt.3.136
(so in [voice] Med., παραλυόμενοι τὰ πηδάλια taking off the rudders, X.An.5.1.11 :—[voice] Pass., παραλελυμέναι τοὺς ταρσούς with their oars taken off, Plb.8.4.2) ; ;τὸν θώρακα Plu.Ant.76
:—[voice] Med., π. τὴν ῥαφὴν [ τοῦ χιτῶνος] Id.Cleom.37 ;τοὺς στεφάνους Id.2.646a
:—[voice] Pass., Hdt.3.105.2 undo, put an end to, (lyr.); τὴν τοῦ παιδίου ἀμφισβήτησιν relinquish it, Is.4.10 :—[voice] Med., get rid of,τὸν κίνδυνον D.H.6.28
.II c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, part from, (lyr., dub.l.) ; μία γάρ σφεων παρελύθη ὑπὸ Ἰώνων one city ([place name] Smyrna) was detached from them, Hdt.1.149 ; π. τινὰ τῆς στρατιῆς release from military service, Id.7.38 (and in [voice] Pass., to be exempt from it, 5.75), cf. Plb.6.33.10 ; (Pergam., iii B.C.) ; π. τινὰ δυσφρονᾶν set free from cares, Pi.O.2.52 ; π. τινὰ τῆς στρατηγίης dismiss from the command, Hdt.6.94, cf. Th.7.16, 8.54 ;τῆς δυνάμεως τινά Arist.Pol. 1315a12
(so in [voice] Pass.,π. τῆς φυλακῆς Plu. Cleom.37
;τῆς ἀρχῆς Eun.VSp.481
B.) ; also τὴν ἀρχήν τινι π. ib. p.479 B.; τοὺς Ἀθηναίους π. τῆς ἐς αὐτὸν ὀργῆς set them free, release them from.., Th. 2.65 ;φαρμάκῳ π. ἑαυτὸν τοῦ ζῆν Str.8.6.14
;παραλελύσθαι τοῦ φόβου Plb.30.4.7
: c. acc. only, set free,δυστάνου ψυχάν E.Alc. 117
(lyr.):—[voice] Med., obtain leave of absence from,τοὺς παιδονόμους SIG577.56
(Milet., iii/ii B.C.).IV disable, enfeeble, Pl.Ax. 367b ;π. τροφῆς ἀποχῇ τὸ σῶμα Plu.Demetr.38
:—mostly in [voice] Pass., to be paralysed,δεξιὴ χεὶρ παρελύθη Hp.Epid.1.26
.ιγ ; τὰ παραλελυμένα τοῦ σώματος μόρια Arist.EN 1102b18
: generally, to be exhausted, flag,ἡ δύναμις.. τῆς πόλεως παρελύθη Lys.13.46
;τῇ σωματικῇ δυνάμει παραλυόμενος ὑπὸ τῶν τραυμάτων Plb.16.5.7
; ;τὴν δύναμιν παρελέλυντο Id.1.58.9
; τὰς χεῖρας Telesp.38 H.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παραλύω
-
8 προσκατακτάομαι
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσκατακτάομαι
-
9 προσκτάομαι
A- ήσομαι Hdt.8.136
:—gain, get, or win besides,γῆν ἄλλην π. τῇ ἑωυτῶν Id.3.21
; νήσους βασιλέϊ π. for him, Id.5.31; ;π. ἔθνεα Id.7.8
.ά; χώραν π. Th.4.95, cf.3.28;πόλιν Lys.12.39
; π. πρὸς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ μοῖραν gain and add to his own portion, Hdt.1.73; βραχύ τι π. αὐτῇ [τῇ ἀρχῇ] make a small addition to it, Th.6.18, cf. X.An.5.6.15; πρὸς τοσούτοις αἰσχροῖς καὶ ἐπιορκίαν π. D.19.219: [tense] pf. part. in pass. sense, τὰ προσκεκτημένα v.l. for προκ- in Th.2.62.2 of persons, gain or win over,τινὰς π. φίλους Hdt.1.56
; π. τὸν Καλλίμαχον win over Callimachus to his side, Id.6.110;π. τοὺς Ἀθηναίους Id.8.136
: c.inf.,Καρίης τὴν πολλὴν π. σφίσι σύμμαχον εἶναι Id.5.103
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσκτάομαι
-
10 λαγαίω
Grammatical information: v.Other forms: aor. λαγάσαι (Crete),Compounds: also with ἀπο-.Derivatives: ἀπολάγαξις `release' (Crete; on the formation Chantraine Form. 281, Bechtel Dial. 2, 746). - Several nouns, that do not directly depend from the verb: 1. λαγαρός `slack, emaciated, thin' (IA.) with λαγαρότης `slackness etc.', λαγαρόομαι `get slack' (AP) with λαγάρωσις (Eust.; of στίχοι λαγαροί). λαγαρίζομαι meaning unclear (com.); 2. λάγανον `thin cake' (hell.) with λαγάνιον (late) and λαγανίζω (?; Hp. Morb. Sacr. 13 ; cf. Kind Herm. 72, 368) ; 1. a. 2. first from a noun *λαγαρ \/ ν-? (vgl. Benveniste Origines 18; to the frequent nom. in - ανον Chantraine Form. 198 f.). A ν-suffix also in the semantically deviant 3. λάγνος (- νης; on the barytone acc. Schwyzer 489) `lascivious, voluptuous' with λαγνεύω `be lascivious, be lecherous', λαγνεία `the act of coition etc.' (IA.). 4. *λαγος (*λάξ) `slack, thin' in λαγόνες pl. f. (m..), rarely - ών sg. `the hollows on the side, the flanks' (IA.), also in λαγώς `hare' (s. v.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.XEtymology: A direct agreement to *λαγος, if from *σλαγος (s. on λήγω) gives a Germ. adj. for `slack': Nord. slakr , OS slac, OE slæc etc.; here with anlaut. l- (= IE.) MLG. lak `id.', thus OIr. lacc `id.' (with expressive gg). The formal identity of λαγών and WNo. lake `flap', of λάγανον and OS lakan, OHG lahhan `cloth' rests on parallel innovations of the separate languages. - With λαγαρός we can directly compare Toch. A slākkär `sad'. Beside it with s-suffix Lat. laxus `slack, weak etc.'; also Skt. ślakṣṇá- `slippery, meagre, thin' (from *slakṣ- assim., Hendriksen IF 56, 27 f.)? - Disyllabic λαγά-σαι (: λαγαρός) has an example in the synonymous χαλά-σαι (: χαλαρός); λαγαίω is innovation like κεραίω, ἀγαίομαι (s. κεράννυμι and ἀγα-; diff. Specht Ursprung 325); besides NGr. (Cret.) λαγάζω, s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 354 n. 1. Cf. also on κλαδαρός. - With diff. ablaut here λήγω, λωγάνιον, λωγάς, s. vv. - As * slh₂g- would have given *slāg-, the form has not been explained; is it a Eur. substratum word?Page in Frisk: 2,68Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λαγαίω
-
11 οἴχομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to go (away), to leave, to disappear, to die' (Il.), mostly to indicate an entered situation, where the accompanying or preceding action is expressed by a pres. ptc.: `gone away, vanished, be away, gone thither'; on the aspect Schwyzer-Debrunner 274 a. 392, Bloch Suppl. Verba 28ff.;Other forms: fut. οἰχήσομαι (Att.), perf. ᾤχωκα, οἴ- (Κ 252), ᾤχηκα (Κ 252 v. l., hell.), midd. ᾤχημαι, οἴ- (Ion.).Derivatives: Besides οἰχνέω `to go, to come, to walk, to approach', also with ἐξ-, εἰσ- a.o. (Hom., Pi., trag.), also = οἴχομαι (S.). -- No derivv. A hypothesis on the PlN Οἰχαλία in Ziehen Arch. f. Religionswiss. 24, 51 f.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: With οἴχ-ομαι: οἰχ-νέ-ω cf. ὑπ-ίσχ-ομαι: ὑπ-ισχ-νέ-ομαι and Schwyzer 696. The enlarging η of the fut. also came into the perfect; from some semant. close example ( μέμβλωκα?) came the early attested οἴχ-ω-κα (Schwyzer 774 w. n. 2 a. lit.; cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 424 w. n. 3). -- The main problem with οἴχομαι concerns the curious meaning, which seems to have been foreign to the durative-infective οἰχνέω (so οἴχομαι orig. aoristpres.?). An acceptable connection provides Arm. iǰanem (nasal pres. like οἰχνέω), aor. 3. sg. ēǰ (\< * oigh-e-t; cf. ᾤχετο) `come down, alight' (Scheftelowitz BB 28, 311); further there are some isolated Celt. and Lith. nouns: OIr. óegi `guest' (\< * oigh-ēt-; as γόης, πένης; meaning like Arm. iǰ-awor); Lith. eigà f. `course' (Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. 1, 101, Prellwitz s.v.). Polyinterpretable are Hitt. igāi- `perish' and Toch. B yku `gone'; cf. Kronasser Studies Whatmough 125. If one separates the velar media asp. gh, we get ei- `go', so hat the etymological analysis ends in a bloodless abstraction. Details w. further lit. in WP. 1, 104 (Pok. 296). S. also ἴχνος.Page in Frisk: 2,371-372Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἴχομαι
-
12 πέλομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to stir' (in compp.), `to become, to take place, to be' (Il.).Compounds: Also w. prefix (esp. in aor. ptc. περι-, ἐπι-πλόμενος).Derivatives: l. πόλος m. `axis, axis of the world, pole, vault of heaven, round disc of the sun dial etc.' (IA.); denom. ptc. ὁ πολεύων of the presiding planet ( Cod. Astr., PMag. a.o.). 2. - πόλος in synthetic compp. like αἰ-πόλος, δικας-πόλος (s. vv.), ἱππο-πόλος `horse-breeding' (Il.), νυκτι-πόλος `traveling by night' (E. in lyr.); τρί-πολος `ploughed thrice' (Hom., Hes.); from the prefixed verbs ἀμφίπολ-ος (s. v.: ἀμφι-πέλομαι, - πολέω), περίπολ-ος a.o.; cf. below. 3. Deverbatives: a. πολέω, - έομαι, often w. prefix, e.g. ἀμφι-, ἀνα-, περι-, προσ- `to go about, to wander around, to get etc.' (Pi., Att. etc.); also w. nominal 1. member, e.g. πυρ-πολέω `to watch a fire' (Od., X.), `to ravage with fire, to destroy' (IA.); besides, partly as backformations, περί-, πρόσ-πολος, πυρ-πόλος, πύρ-πολος a.o.; trans. `to turn (said of the earth), to root up, to plough' (Hes. Op. 462, Nik. Al. 245). b. πολεύω (χ 223, trans. S. in lyr.) `id.', from ἀμφι-πολεύω (ep. Od., Hdt.), where metr. conditioned for - έω (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 368, cf. also Schwyzer 732); on the denom. ptc. ὁ πολεύων s. on 1. above. c. πωλέομαι, also w. ἐπι-, `to come or go frequently' (Il.) with ἐπιπώλη-σις f. `muster, review of the army' (name of Il. 4, 250ff. by Gramm., Str., Plu.).Etymology: The themat. presens πέλομαι, -ω agrees formally exactly with Lat. colō, - ere (from * quelō: in-quil-īnus, Es- quil-iae) `build upon, inhabit, attend, honour', with Skt. cárati, -te `move around, wander, drive (on the meadow), graze' and with Alb. siell `turn around, turn, bring': IE *kʷélō. An enlargement of it is Toch. B klautk-, A lotk- `turn around, turn, become' (v. Windekens Orbis 11, 195 f.); s. τελευτή. Because of the maintenance of the π- before ε πέλομαι must be Aeolic (Schwyzer 300, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 114); the otherwise to be expected τ- is seen in τέλομαι, τέλλομαι, τελέθω, τέλος (s. vv.). The old connection with cattle-breeding and agriculture is found also in Greek, where the meaning of the verb further soon faded, in compp. as αἰ-πόλος, βου-κόλος (s. vv.), τρί-πολος. With the deverbative πολέω agrees formally Alb. kiell `bring, carry' (*kʷolei̯ō). The formal identity of πωλέομαι and the Skt. causative cāráyati is secondary. The zero grade themat. aor. ἔ-πλ-ετο is isolated. -- To the primary verb was, esp. in Latin and Indo-Iranian, built a series of new nouns. Old are ἀμφίπολος (s. v.) = Lat. anculus and several words for `car, wagon' (s. κύκλος). Note still περίπολος m. `patrolling guardian' (Epich., Att.) = Skt. (Ved.) paricará- m. `servant'; on the accen (Greek innovation?) Schwyzer 379 a. 381. The regular o-derivation πόλος may have an agreement in Lat. colus -ūs or -ī `distaff'; the comparison is however not unproblematic (s. W.-Hofmann s. v.). Also Toch. B kele `navel' could be identical wit it; diff. v. Windekens Orbis 11, 602 (Ural. LW [loanword]). -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 1, 514ff., Pok. 639f., W.-Hofmann s. colō and collus, Mayrhofer s. cárati; further also Ernout-Meillet s. colō w. very important remarks. -- Here further πάλαι, πάλιν, τῆλε (s. v.). Cf. also ἐμπολή and ἔπιπλα.Page in Frisk: 2,500-501Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέλομαι
-
13 προίξ
προίξ, προικόςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `gift, present' (ν 15, ρ 413 [gen.]; cf. below), `dowry' (Att. [Sommer Nominalkomp. 94], also late pap. as archaising expression of the juridical language [Chantraine Mél. Maspero 2, 222 f.]); acc. προῖκα as adv. `gratuitous, for free' (Att.; thus prob. the gen. προικός ν 15).Compounds: ἄ-προικος `without dowry' (Att.; Sommer l.c.).Derivatives: Dimin. προικ-ίδιον n. (Plu.); adj. - ίδιος `forming a gift' (Ph.), - ιμαῖος `id.' (pap. VIp), `gratuitous' (D. C.), - ιος `gratuitous' (AP); verb - ίζω 'to provide with a dowry' (D. S., Ph. a.o.). -- Besides προ-ΐκτης m. `beggar' (ρ 352 u. 449), - ΐσσομαι `to ask, beg for a gift' (Archil. 130). Here also the fut. κατα-προΐξομαι in οὐ καταπροΐξεται `he shall not get away for free, remain unpunished' etc. (IA. com.).Etymology: Archaic word that died away soon, in late lit. partly revivified. -- Formation like ἄμ-πυξ, ἄν-τυξ, πρόσ-φυξ a.o., so prop. πρό-ϊξ (πρόϊκα with dieresis Ion. after EM 495, 33), from a verb with prefix, which is also the basis of προΐκ-της; the yot-present προ-ΐσσομαι can be either primary or a denominative of προίξ. -- Prop. *stretching forth (of the hand), presentation", to Lith. síekiu, síekti a.o. `stretch forth (the hand), reach'; προΐκ-της prop. `who stretches forth the hand'; cf. προτείνω χεῖρα καὶ προΐσσομαι (Archil. 130). -- Further s. ἵκω; diff. Jacobsohn Gnomon 2, 385 ( προίξ prop. *"what is wanted, implored"; cf. on ἴκμενος).Page in Frisk: 2,598-599Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > προίξ
-
14 προικός
προίξ, προικόςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `gift, present' (ν 15, ρ 413 [gen.]; cf. below), `dowry' (Att. [Sommer Nominalkomp. 94], also late pap. as archaising expression of the juridical language [Chantraine Mél. Maspero 2, 222 f.]); acc. προῖκα as adv. `gratuitous, for free' (Att.; thus prob. the gen. προικός ν 15).Compounds: ἄ-προικος `without dowry' (Att.; Sommer l.c.).Derivatives: Dimin. προικ-ίδιον n. (Plu.); adj. - ίδιος `forming a gift' (Ph.), - ιμαῖος `id.' (pap. VIp), `gratuitous' (D. C.), - ιος `gratuitous' (AP); verb - ίζω 'to provide with a dowry' (D. S., Ph. a.o.). -- Besides προ-ΐκτης m. `beggar' (ρ 352 u. 449), - ΐσσομαι `to ask, beg for a gift' (Archil. 130). Here also the fut. κατα-προΐξομαι in οὐ καταπροΐξεται `he shall not get away for free, remain unpunished' etc. (IA. com.).Etymology: Archaic word that died away soon, in late lit. partly revivified. -- Formation like ἄμ-πυξ, ἄν-τυξ, πρόσ-φυξ a.o., so prop. πρό-ϊξ (πρόϊκα with dieresis Ion. after EM 495, 33), from a verb with prefix, which is also the basis of προΐκ-της; the yot-present προ-ΐσσομαι can be either primary or a denominative of προίξ. -- Prop. *stretching forth (of the hand), presentation", to Lith. síekiu, síekti a.o. `stretch forth (the hand), reach'; προΐκ-της prop. `who stretches forth the hand'; cf. προτείνω χεῖρα καὶ προΐσσομαι (Archil. 130). -- Further s. ἵκω; diff. Jacobsohn Gnomon 2, 385 ( προίξ prop. *"what is wanted, implored"; cf. on ἴκμενος).Page in Frisk: 2,598-599Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > προικός
-
15 σπλήν
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπλήν
-
16 σπληνός
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπληνός
-
17 στυγέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to hate, to detest, to hold back' (ep. poet., Il., Hdt. a. late prose).Other forms: Aor. στυγεῖν (Hom., Call., Nic. a.o.), στύξαι (λ 502 [caus.], A. R., Opp., AP), στυγ-ῆσαι, pass. - ηθῆναι, fut. - ήσομαι (trag.), perf. ἐστύγ-ηκα (Hdt. a.o.), - ημαι (Lyc.), - μαι (H.).Derivatives: στυγ-ητός `hated, detestable' (A. Pr., late prose), - ημα n. `object of hate, detestation' (E. a.o.), ἀπο- στυγέω ησις f. `detestation' (sch.). -- Besides the adj. 1. στυγ-ερός `hated, full of hate, detestable' (ep. poet. Il.). 2. - νός `id.', also `gruesome, sad etc.' (Archil., Hp., trag. etc.) with - νότης f. (hell. a. late), - νία f. (sch.), - νόομαι (also w. κατα-) `to be somber' (AP, H.), - νωσον χώρισον H., - νάζω (also w. δια-, κατα-, συν-) `to be, become overcast' (NT a.o.) with - νασις f. (late). 3. - ιος `hated, detestable' (E., Plu.; cf. on Στύξ below). Subst. 1. στύγος n. `hate, object of hate' (A. a.o.). 2. Στύξ, - γός f. river in the Underworld (Hom. etc.) with adj. Στύγιος (trag. a.o.), name of an Arcadian mountain brook wit icecold water (Hdt., Str., Paus.), also appellat. `hate, detestation' (Alciphr.), pl. `icy cold' (Thphr.); also = σκώψ (Ant. Lib. a.o.). Compp. στυγ-άνωρ `hating men' (A. Pr.), ψευσί-στυξ `hating lies' (AP).Etymology: The rise of the above forms cannot be reconstructed with certainty. Old is in any case the primary suffixless Στύξ; whether the pres. στυγέω or the aor. ἔστυγον was prior cannot be decided, as the latter just like στύξαι can be metrically conditioned; cf. ἔκτυπον s. κτύπος (also Schwyzer 721 and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 347). From στυγέω first στυγη-τός, - μα, prob. also as backformation στύγος (cf. μισέω: μῖσος). The adj. can be explained in diff. ways. -- No certain etymology. As behind the notion `hate' a concrete conception will be hidden and for στύξ the meaning `icy cold, icecold water' is in fact attested (from where στυγέω prop. `shiver'?) it is obvious to connect a synonymous Slav. word: Russ. stýgnutь, stúgnutь `cool down, get cold, freeze', Stugna tributary of the Dniepr. Much less usual are forms with -d-, e.g. Russ. stúda `cold', studítь `cool (down)', OCS studъ also = αἰσχύνη; a Slavic change - dn- to - gn- is perhaps not to be excluded (s. lit. in Vasmer s. stýgnutь). Connection with a verb for `push etc.', e.g. Skt. tujáti, Germ., e.g. NLG stūken, is semantically more difficult to motivate. Further hypotheses (to στύω a.o.) in Bq, WP. 2, 616f. a. 620, Pok. 1033 u. 1035, Vasmer s.vv., also Fraenkel s. 1. stúgti; everywhere w. lit. -- New proposal by v. Windekens Orbis 13, 224 f.: to Toch. B ścono, śconiye `hate' from steu-n-.Page in Frisk: 2,812-813Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στυγέω
-
18 ἀπό
ἀπό (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. (see the lit. on ἀνά, beg., also for ἀπό: KDieterich, IndogF 24, 1909, 93–158; LfgrE s.v.). Basic sense ‘separation from’ someone or someth., fr. which the other uses have developed. In the NT it has encroached on the domain of Att. ἐκ, ὑπό, παρά, and the gen. of separation; s. Mlt. 102; 246; Mlt-Turner 258f.① a marker to indicate separation from a place, whether person or thing, from, away fromⓐ w. all verbs denoting motion, esp. those compounded w. ἀπό: ἀπάγεσθαι, ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, ἀπελαύνειν, ἀπέρχεσθαι, ἀπολύεσθαι, ἀποπλανᾶσθαι, ἀποστέλλειν, ἀποφεύγειν, ἀποχωρεῖν, ἀποχωρίζεσθαι; but also w. ἀνίστασθαι, διαστῆναι, διέρχεσθαι, ἐκδημεῖν, ἐκκινεῖν, ἐκπλεῖν, ἐκπορεύεσθαι, ἐξέρχεσθαι, ἐξωθεῖν, ἐπιδιδόναι, μεταβαίνειν, μετατίθεσθαι, νοσφίζειν, παραγίνεσθαι, πλανᾶσθαι, πορεύεσθαι, ὑπάγειν, ὑποστρέφειν, φεύγειν; s. the entries in question.ⓑ w. all verbs expressing the idea of separation ἐκβάλλειν τὸ κάρφος ἀ. τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ remove the splinter fr. the eye Mt 7:4 v.l. (for ἐκ). ἐξέβαλον ἀπὸ τῆς πήρας αὐτῶν δῶρα they set forth gifts out of their travel bags GJs 21:3. ἀπολύεσθαι ἀ. ἀνδρός be divorced fr. her husband Lk 16:18, cp. Ac 15:33. ἀποκυλίειν, ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι, ἀποστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι, ἐπανάγειν, αἴρειν, ἀφαιρεῖν, ἀπολέσθαι, μερίζειν et al., s. the pertinent entries. So also κενὸς ἀ. τινος Hs 9, 19, 2. ἔρημος ἀ. τινος (Jer 51:2) 2 Cl 2:3. W. verbs which express the concept of separation in the wider sense, like loose, free, acquit et al. ἀπορφανίζειν, ἀποσπᾶν, διεγείρεσθαι, δικαιοῦν, ἐκδικοῦν, ἐλευθεροῦν, λούειν, λύειν, λυτροῦν, ῥαντίζειν, σαλεύειν, στέλλειν, σῴζειν, φθείρειν, s. the entries; hence also ἀθῷος (Sus 46 Theod. v.l.) Mt 27:24. καθαρὸς ἀ. τινος (Tob 3:14; but s. Dssm. NB 24 [BS 196; 216]) Ac 20:26; cp. Kuhring 54.ⓒ verbs meaning be on guard, be ashamed, etc., take ἀπό to express the occasion or object of their caution, shame, or fear; so αἰσχύνεσθαι, βλέπειν, μετανοεῖν, προσέχειν, φοβεῖσθαι, φυλάσσειν, φυλάσσεσθαι; s. 5 below.ⓓ w. verbs of concealing, hiding, hindering, the pers. from whom someth. is concealed is found w. ἀπό; so κρύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, παρακαλύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, κωλύειν τι ἀπό τινος; s. the entries.ⓔ in pregnant constr. like ἀνάθεμα εἶναι ἀ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ be separated fr. Christ by a curse Ro 9:3. μετανοεῖν ἀ. τ. κακίας (Jer 8:6) Ac 8:22. ἀποθνῄσκειν ἀ. τινος through death become free from Col 2:20. φθείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. ἁπλότητος be ruinously diverted from wholehearted commitment 2 Cor 11:3. Cp. Hs 6, 2, 4.ⓕ as a substitute for the partitive gen. (Hdt. 6, 27, 2; Thu. 7, 87, 6; PPetr III, 11, 20; PIand 8, 6; Kuhring 20; Rossberg 22; Johannessohn, Präp. 17) τίνα ἀ. τῶν δύο; Mt 27:21, cp. Lk 9:38; 19:39 (like PTebt 299, 13; 1 Macc 1:13; 3:24; Sir 6:6; 46:8). τὰ ἀ. τοῦ πλοίου pieces of the ship Ac 27:44. ἐκχεῶ ἀ. τοῦ πνεύματός μου Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f). λαμβάνειν ἀ. τ. καρπῶν get a share of the vintage Mk 12:2 (cp. Just., A I, 65, 5 μεταλαβεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ … ἄρτου).—Of foods (as in Da 1:13, 4:33a; 2 Macc 7:1) ἐσθίειν ἀ. τ. ψιχίων eat some of the crumbs Mt 15:27; Mk 7:28. χορτάζεσθαι ἀ. τινος eat one’s fill of someth. Lk 16:21. αἴρειν ἀ. τῶν ἰχθύων pick up the remnants of the fish Mk 6:43. ἐνέγκατε ἀ. τ. ὀψαρίων bring some of the fish J 21:10 (the only instance of this usage in J; s. M-EBoismard, Le chapitre 21 de Saint Jean: RB 54 [’47] 492).—Of drink (cp. Sir 26:12) πίνειν ἀπὸ τ. γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου drink the product of the vine Lk 22:18.② to indicate the point from which someth. begins, whether lit. or fig.ⓐ of place from, out from (Just., D. 86, 1 ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας ὕδωρ ἀναβλύσαν ‘gushing out of the rock’) σημεῖον ἀ. τ. οὐρανοῦ a sign fr. heaven Mk 8:11. ἀ. πόλεως εἰς πόλιν from one city to another Mt 23:34. ἀπʼ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕως ἄκρων αὐτῶν (Dt 30:4; Ps 18:7) from one end of heaven to the other 24:31, cp. Mk 13:27. ἀπʼ ἄνωθεν ἕως κάτω from top to bottom Mt 27:51. ἀρξάμενοι ἀ. Ἰερουσαλήμ beginning in Jerusalem Lk 24:47 (s. also Lk 23:5; Ac 1:22; 10:37). ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἐξήχηται ὁ λόγος τ. κυρίου the word of the Lord has gone out from you and sounded forth 1 Th 1:8. ἀπὸ βορρᾶ, ἀπὸ νότου in the north, in the south (PCairGoodsp 6, 5 [129 B.C.] ἐν τῷ ἀπὸ νότου πεδίῳ; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 11A col. 1, 12f [123 B.C.] τὸ ἀπὸ νότου τῆς πόλεως χῶμα; ln. 7 ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τῆς πόλεως; 70, 16 al.; Josh 18:5; 19:34; 1 Km 14:5) Rv 21:13.ⓑ of time from … (on), since (POxy 523, 4; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8; s. Kuhring 54ff).α. ἀ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ἰωάννου from the days of John Mt 11:12. ἀ. τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης 9:22. ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τ. ἡμέρας (Jos., Bell. 4, 318, Ant. 7, 382) Mt 22:46; J 11:53. ἔτη ἑπτὰ ἀ. τῆς παρθενίας αὐτῆς for seven years fr. the time she was a virgin Lk 2:36. ἀ. ἐτῶν δώδεκα for 12 years 8:43. ἀ. τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός Ac 23:23. ἀ. κτίσεως κόσμου Ro 1:20. ἀ. πέρυσι since last year, a year ago 2 Cor 8:10; 9:2.—ἀπʼ αἰῶνος, ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἀπʼ ἄρτι (also ἀπαρτί and ἄρτι), ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, ἀπὸ τότε, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν; s. the pertinent entries.β. w. the limits defined, forward and backward: ἀπὸ … ἕως (Jos., Ant. 6, 364) Mt 27:45. ἀπὸ … ἄχρι Phil 1:5. ἀπὸ … μέχρι Ac 10:30; Ro 5:14; 15:19.γ. ἀφʼ ἧς (sc. ὥρας or ἡμέρας, which is found Col 1:6, 9; but ἀφʼ ἧς became a fixed formula: ParJer 7:28; Plut., Pelop. [285] 15, 5; s. B-D-F §241, 2) since Lk 7:45 (Renehan ’75, 36f); Ac 24:11; 2 Pt 3:4 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 6, 6; 1 Macc 1:11). ἀφʼ οὗ (sc.—as in X., Cyr. 1, 2, 13—χρόνου; Att. ins in Meisterhans.3-Schw. and s. Witkowski, index 163; ἀφʼ οὗ is also a formula) since, when once (X., Symp. 4, 62; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 Jac.; Lucian, Dial. Mar. 15, 1; Ex 5:23 GrBar 3:6) Lk 13:25; 24:21; Rv 16:18 (cp. Da 12:1; 1 Macc 9:29; 16:24; 2 Macc 1:7; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 23; GrBar; Jos., Ant. 4, 78). τρία ἔτη ἀφʼ οὗ (cp. Tob 5:35 S) Lk 13:7. ἀφότε s. ὅτε 1aγ end.ⓒ the beg. of a series from … (on).α. ἀρξάμενος ἀ. Μωϋσέως καὶ ἀ. πάντων τ. προφητῶν beginning w. Moses and all the prophets Lk 24:27. ἕβδομος ἀ. Ἀδάμ Jd 14 (Diod S 1, 50, 3 ὄγδοος ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρός [ancestor]; Appian, Mithrid. 9 §29 τὸν ἕκτον ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου Μιθριδάτην; Arrian, Anab. 7, 12, 4; Diog. L. 3, 1: Plato in the line of descent was ἕκτος ἀπὸ Σόλωνος; Biogr. p. 31: Homer δέκατος ἀπὸ Μουσαίου). ἀ. διετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω Mt 2:16 (cp. Num 1:20; 2 Esdr 3:8).β. w. both beg. and end given ἀπὸ … ἕως (Sir 18:26; 1 Macc 9:13) Mt 1:17; 23:35; Ac 8:10. Sim., ἀ. δόξης εἰς δόξαν fr. glory to glory 2 Cor 3:18.③ to indicate origin or source, fromⓐ lit., with verbs of motionα. down from πίπτειν ἀ. τραπέζης Mt 15:27. καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀ. θρόνων God has dethroned rulers Lk 1:52.β. from ἔρχεσθαι ἀ. θεοῦ J 3:2; cp. 13:3; 16:30. παραγίνεται ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mt 3:13; ἀ. ἀνατολῶν ἥξουσιν 8:11 (Is 49:12; 59:19); ἀ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐπορεύετο 24:1; ἀ. Παμφυλίας Ac 15:38. ἐγείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. νεκρῶν be raised from the dead Mt 14:2.ⓑ lit., to indicate someone’s local origin from (Hom. et al.; Soph., El. 701; Hdt. 8, 114; ins [RevArch 4 sér. IV 1904 p. 9 ἀπὸ Θεσσαλονίκης]; pap [HBraunert, Binnenwanderung ’64, 384, s.v.; PFlor 14, 2; 15, 5; 17, 4; 22, 13 al.]; Judg 12:8; 13:2; 17:1 [all three acc. to B]; 2 Km 23:20 al.; Jos., Bell. 3, 422, Vi. 217; Just., A I, 1 τῶν ἀπὸ Φλαουί̈ας Νέας πόλεως; s. B-D-F §209, 3; Rob. 578) ἦν ἀ. Βηθσαϊδά he was from B. J 1:44; cp. 12:21. ὄχλοι ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας crowds fr. Galilee Mt 4:25. ἄνδρες ἀ. παντὸς ἔθνους Ac 2:5. ἀνὴρ ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου a man fr. the crowd Lk 9:38. ὁ προφήτης ὁ ἀ. Ναζαρέθ Mt 21:11. οἱ ἀ. Κιλικίας the Cilicians Ac 6:9. οἱ ἀδελφοὶ οἱ ἀ. Ἰόππης 10:23 (Musaeus 153 παρθένος ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας; Just., A I, 58, 1 Μακρίωνα … τὸν ἀπὸ Πόντου). οἱ ἀ. Θεσσαλονίκης Ἰουδαῖοι 17:13. οἱ ἀ. τῆς Ἰταλίας the Italians Hb 13:24, who could be inside as well as outside Italy (cp. Dssm., Her. 33, 1898, 344, LO 167, 1 [LAE 200, 3]; Mlt. 237; B-D-F §437).—Rather denoting close association οἱ ἀ. τῆς ἐκκλησίας members of the church Ac 12:1; likew. 15:5 (cp. Plut., Cato Min. 4, 2 οἱ ἀπὸ τ. στοᾶς φιλόσοφοι; Ps.-Demetr. c. 68 οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ=his [Isocrates’] pupils; Synes., Ep. 4 p. 162b; 66 p. 206c; PTebt 33, 3 [112 B.C.], Ῥωμαῖος τῶν ἀπὸ συγκλήτου; Ar. 15, 1 Χριστιανοὶ γενεαλογοῦνται ἀπὸ … Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ; Ath.).—To indicate origin in the sense of material fr. which someth. is made (Hdt. 7, 65; Theocr. 15, 117; IPriene 117, 72 ἀπὸ χρυσοῦ; 1 Esdr 8:56; Sir 43:20 v.l.) ἔνδυμα ἀ. τριχῶν καμήλου clothing made of camel’s hair Mt 3:4.ⓒ fig., w. verbs of asking, desiring, to denote the pers. of or from whom a thing is asked (Ar. 11, 3): δανίσασθαι ἀπό τινος borrow fr. someone Mt 5:42. ἐκζητεῖν ἀ. τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης Lk 11:51. ἀπαιτεῖν τι ἀπό τινος Lk 12:20. ζητεῖν τι ἀπό τινος 1 Th 2:6. λαμβάνειν τι ἀπό τινος Mt 17:25f; 3J 7.ⓓ fig., w. verbs of perceiving, to indicate source of the perception (Lysias, Andoc. 6; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6, 399b ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων θεωρεῖται ὁ θεός; Appian, Liby. 104 §493 ἀπὸ τῆς σφραγῖδος=[recognize a corpse] by the seal-ring; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 1 στοχάζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ὀνομάτων; Just., D. 60, 1 τοῦτο νοοῦμεν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων τῶν προλελεγμένων; 100, 2 ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν): ἀ. τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς by their fruits you will know them Mt 7:16, 20. μανθάνειν παραβολὴν ἀ. τῆς συκῆς learn a lesson from the fig tree 24:32; Mk 13:28. ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων μὴ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν παραβολήν if we are not to derive our parable solely from reference to seeds (cp. 1 Cor 15:37) AcPlCor 2:28.—Also μανθάνειν τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. fr. someone Gal 3:2; Col 1:7.ⓔ γράψαι ἀφʼ ὧν ἠδυνήθην, lit., write from what I was able, i.e. as well as I could B 21:9 (cp. Tat. 12, 5 οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώττης οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰκότων οὐδὲ ἀπʼ ἐννοιῶν etc.).④ to indicate distance fr. a point, away from, for μακρὰν ἀ. τινος far fr. someone, ἀπὸ μακρόθεν fr. a great distance s. μακράν, μακρόθεν. ἀπέχειν ἀπό τινος s. ἀπέχω 4. W. detailed measurements (corresp. to Lat. ‘a’, s. B-D-F §161, 1; Rob. 575; WSchulze, Graeca Latina 1901, 15ff; Hdb. on J 11:18; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 12 §42; CB I/2, 390 no. 248) ἦν Βηθανία ἐγγὺς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ὡς ἀπὸ σταδίων δεκατέντε Bethany was near Jerusalem, about 15 stades (less than 3 km.) away J 11:18. ὡς ἀπὸ πηχῶν διακοσίων about 200 cubits (c. 90 meters) 21:8. ἀπὸ σταδίων χιλίων ἑξακοσίων about 1600 stades (c. 320 km.) Rv 14:20; cp. Hv 4, 1, 5 (for other examples of this usage, s. Rydbeck 68).—Hebraistically ἀπὸ προσώπου τινός (Gen 16:6; Jer 4:26; Jdth 2:14; Sir 21:2; 1 Macc 5:34; En 103:4; Just., A I, 37, 1 ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ πατρὸς ἐλέχθησαν διὰ Ἠσαίου … οἵδε οἱ λόγοι ‘in the name of the father … through Isaiah’; 38, 1 al.)=מִפְּנֵי פ׳ ( away) from the presence of someone 2 Th 1:9 (Is 2:10, 19, 21); Rv 12:14 (B-D-F §140; 217, 1; Mlt-H. 466).⑤ to indicate cause, means, or outcomeⓐ gener., to show the reason for someth. because of, as a result of, for (numerous ref. in FBleek on Hb 5:7; PFay 111, 4; POxy 3314, 7 [from falling off a horse]; Jdth 2:20; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; AscIs 3:13; Jos., Ant. 9, 56) οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου he could not because of the crowd Lk 19:3; cp. Mk 2:4 D. οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτός I could not see because of the brilliance of the light Ac 22:11. ἀ. τοῦ πλήθους τ. ἰχθύων J 21:6 (M-EBoismard, ad loc.: s. 1f end). ἀ. τοῦ ὕδατος for the water Hs 8, 2, 8. ἀ. τῆς θλίψεως because of the persecution Ac 11:19. οὐαὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ἀ. τ. σκανδάλων Mt 18:7 (s. B-D-F §176, 1; Mlt. 246). εἰσακουσθεὶς ἀ. τῆς εὐλαβείας heard because of his piety Hb 5:7 (but the text may be corrupt; at any rate it is obscure and variously interpr.; besides the comm. s. KRomaniuk, Die Gottesfürchtigen im NT: Aegyptus 44, ’64, 84; B-D-F §211; Rob. 580; s. on εὐλάβεια).ⓑ to indicate means with the help of, with (Hdt. et al.; Ael. Aristid. 37, 23 K.=2 p. 25 D.; PGM 4, 2128f σφράγιζε ἀπὸ ῥύπου=seal with dirt; En 97:8) γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν ἀ. τ. κερατίων fill one’s stomach w. the husks Lk 15:16 v.l. (s. ἐκ 4aζ; cp. Pr 18:20). οἱ πλουτήσαντες ἀπʼ αὐτῆς Rv 18:15 (cp. Sir 11:18).ⓒ to indicate motive or reason for, from, with (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 13 §52 ἀπʼ εὐνοίας=with goodwill; 1 Macc 6:10; pap exx. in Kuhring 35) κοιμᾶσθαι ἀ. τῆς λύπης sleep from sorrow Lk 22:45. ἀ. τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ Mt 13:44; cp. Lk 24:41; Ac 12:14. ἀ. τοῦ φόβου κράζειν Mt 14:26, ἀ. φόβου καὶ προσδοκίας with fear and expectation Lk 21:26. Hence verbs of fearing, etc., take ἀ. to show the cause of the fear (s. above 1c) μὴ φοβεῖσθαι ἀ. τ. ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα not be afraid of those who kill only the body Mt 10:28; Lk 12:4 (cp. Jdth 5:23; 1 Macc 2:62; 3:22; 8:12; En 106:4).ⓓ to indicate the originator of the action denoted by the verb from (Trag., Hdt. et al.) ἀ. σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν Mt 12:38. γινώσκειν ἀπό τινος learn fr. someone Mk 15:45. ἀκούειν ἀ. τοῦ στόματός τινος hear fr. someone’s mouth, i.e. fr. him personally Lk 22:71 (Dionys. Hal. 3, 8 ἀ. στόματος ἤκουσεν); cp. Ac 9:13; 1J 1:5. τὴν ἀ. σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν a promise given by you Ac 23:21 (cp. Ath. 2, 3 ταῖς ἀπὸ τῶν κατηγόρων αἰτίαις ‘the charges made by the accusers’). ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν Hb 11:12. Prob. παραλαμβάνειν ἀ. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Cor 11:23 is to be understood in the same way: Paul is convinced that he is taught by the Lord himself (for direct teaching s. EBröse, Die Präp. ἀπό 1 Cor 11:23: StKr 71, 1898, 351–60; Dssm.; BWeiss; Ltzm.; H-DWendland. But for indirect communication: Zahn et al.). παραλαβὼν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Φιλίππου, ὅτι Papias (11:2); opp. παρειληφέναι ὑπὸ τῶν θ. Φ. (2:9).—Of the more remote cause ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων from human beings (as opposed to transcendent revelation; w. διʼ ἀνθρώπου; cp. Artem. 1, 73 p. 66, 11 ἀπὸ γυναικῶν ἢ διὰ γυναικῶν; 2, 36 p. 135, 26) Gal 1:1. ἀ. κυρίου πνεύματος fr. the Lord, who is the Spirit 2 Cor 3:18. ἔχειν τι ἀπό τινος have (received) someth. fr. someone 1 Cor 6:19; 1 Ti 3:7; 1J 2:20; 4:21.—In salutation formulas εἰρήνη ἀ. θεοῦ πατρός ἡμῶν peace that comes from God, our father Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; cp. 6:23; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1 v.l.; 2 Th 1:2; 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; Phlm 3. σοφία ἀ. θεοῦ wisdom that comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:30. ἔπαινος ἀ. θεοῦ praise fr. God 4:5. καὶ τοῦτο ἀ. θεοῦ and that brought about by God Phil 1:28. The expr. εἰρήνη ἀπὸ ‘ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος’ Rv 1:4 is quite extraordinary. It may be an interpretation of the name Yahweh already current, or an attempt to show reverence for the divine name by preserving it unchanged, or simply one more of the grammatical peculiarities so frequent in Rv (Meyer6-Bousset 1906, 159ff; Mlt. 9, note 1; cp. PParis 51, 33 ἀπὸ ἀπηλιότης; Mussies 93f, 328).ⓔ to indicate responsible agents for someth., from, ofα. the self, st. Gk. usage (Thu. 5, 60, 1; X., Mem. 2, 10, 3; Andoc., Orat. 2, 4 οὗτοι οὐκ ἀφʼ αὑτῶν ταῦτα πράττουσιν; Diod S 17, 56; Num 16:28; 4 Macc 11:3; En 98:4; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 26 [Stone p. 38]; 18 p. 101, 6 [Stone p. 50]; Just., A I, 43, 8) the expr. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ (pl. ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν) of himself and ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ of myself are common Lk 12:57; 21:30; 2 Cor 3:5, esp. so in J: 5:19, 30; 8:28; 10:18; 15:4.—7:17f; 11:51; 14:10; 16:13; 18:34. So also ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλήλυθα I did not come of myself (opp. the Father sent me) 7:28; 8:42.β. fr. others. W. verbs in the pass. voice or pass. mng. ὑπό is somet. replaced by ἀπό (in isolated cases in older Gk. e.g. Thu. 1, 17 et al. [Kühner-G. II/1 p. 457f]; freq. in later Gk.: Polyb. 1, 79, 14; Hero I 152, 6; 388, 11; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 130 Jac.; IG XII/5, 29, 1; SIG 820, 9; PLond III, 1173, 12 p. 208; BGU 1185, 26; PFlor 150, 6 ἀ. τῶν μυῶν κατεσθιόμενα; PGM 4, 256; Kuhring 36f; 1 Macc 15:17; Sir 16:4; ParJer 1:1 ᾐχμαλωτεύθησαν … ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 62; Just., A I, 68, 6 ἐπιστολὴν … γραφεῖσάν μοι ἀπὸ Σερήνου, D. 121, 3 ἀπὸ παντὸς [γένους] μετάνοιαν πεποιῆσθαι. See B-D-F §210; Rob. 820; GHatzidakis, Einl. in d. neugriech. Gramm. 1892, 211; AJannaris, An Histor. Gk. Grammar 1897, §1507). Yet just at this point the textual tradition varies considerably, and the choice of prep. is prob. at times influenced by the wish to express special nuances of mng. Lk 8:29b v.l. (ὑπό text); 43b (ὑπό v.l.); 10:22 D; ἀποδεδειγμένος ἀ. τ. θεοῦ attested by God Ac 2:22. ἐπικληθεὶς Βαρναβᾶς ἀ. (ὑπό v.l.) τ. ἀποστόλων named B. by the apostles 4:36. κατενεχθεὶς ἀ. τοῦ ὕπνου overcome by sleep 20:9. ἀθετούμενος ἀπὸ τῶν παραχαρασσόντων τὰ λόγια αὐτοῦ inasmuch as (Jesus) is being rejected by those who falsify his words AcPlCor 2:3. νεκροῦ βληθέντος ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπʼ αὐτά when a corpse was cast upon them (the bones of Elisha) 2:32. In such cases ἀπό freq. denotes the one who indirectly originates an action, and can be transl. at the hands of, by command of: πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀ. τ. πρεσβυτέρων suffer much at the hands of the elders Mt 16:21; cp. Lk 9:22; 17:25, where the emphasis is to be placed on παθεῖν, not on ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι. In ἀ. θεοῦ πειράζομαι the thought is that the temptation is caused by God, though not actually carried out by God Js 1:13. ἡτοιμασμένος ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ prepared by God’s command, not by God in person Rv 12:6.⑥ In a few expr. ἀπό helps to take the place of an adverb. ἀπὸ μέρους, s. μέρος 1c.—ἡμέρᾳ ἀφʼ ἡμέρας day by day GJs 12:3.—ἀπὸ μιᾶς (acc. to Wlh., Einl.2 26, an Aramaism, min ḥădā˒=at once [s. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 113]; but this does not explain the fem. gender, found also in the formulaic ἐπὶ μιᾶς Maxim. Tyr. 6, 3f En 99:9 [s. SAalen, NTS 13, ’67, 3] and in Mod. Gk. μὲ μιᾶς at once [Thumb §162 note 2]. PSI 286, 22 uses ἀπὸ μιᾶς of a payment made ‘at once’; on the phrase s. New Docs 2, 189. Orig. γνώμης might have been a part of the expr. [Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 73], or ὁρμῆς [Thu. 7, 71, 6], or γλώσσης [Cass. Dio 44, 36, 2], or φωνῆς [Herodian 1, 4, 8]; cp. ἀπὸ μιᾶς φωνῆς Plut., Mor. 502d of an echo; s. B-D-F §241, 6) unanimously, alike, in concert Lk 14:18. Sim. ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν fr. (your) hearts, sincerely Mt 18:35.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 6 has as a formula διὰ μιᾶς, probably = continuously, uninterruptedly, Or. 44 [=Or. 8], 2 fuller διὰ μιᾶς τῆς σπουδῆς=with one and the same, or with quite similar zeal.—M-M.
См. также в других словарях:
besides — [[t]bɪsa͟ɪdz[/t]] ♦♦♦ 1) PREP: oft PREP ing Besides something or beside something means in addition to it. I think she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful... There was only one person besides Ford who knew Julia Jameson. Syn:… … English dictionary
Get Smart — For the 2008 action comedy film, see Get Smart (film). For other uses, see Get Smart (disambiguation). Get Smart Title card from Seasons 1 and 2 of the original NBC run Genre Sitcom … Wikipedia
Get Me Bodied — Infobox Single Name = Get Me Bodied Artist = Beyoncé Album = B Day Released = July 10, 2007 (U.S.) Format = CD single, 12 single, digital download Recorded = Sony Music Studios (New York City, New York) Genre = Hip hop soul Length = 3:25 (album… … Wikipedia
Get Smart (film) — This article is about the 2008 remake film. For the 1989 reunion movie, see Get Smart, Again! Infobox Film name = Get Smart caption = Theatrical release poster director = Peter Segal producer = Alex Gartner Charles Roven Andrew Lazar writer = Tom … Wikipedia
More Dissemblers Besides Women — Contents 1 Characters 2 Synopsis 3 Notes 4 References … Wikipedia
Not Gonna Get Us — Single by t.A.T.u. from the album 200 km/h in the Wrong Lane B side … Wikipedia
You Get What You Give — Infobox Single Name = You Get What You Give Artist = New Radicals from Album = Maybe You ve Been Brainwashed Too Released = November 10, 1998 Format = CD, 12 [ Recorded =] B side = To Think I Thought Genre = Rock Length = 4:42 (single edit) 5:02… … Wikipedia
Slapt-get — infobox software developer = Jason Woodward latest release version = 0.9.12d latest release date = February 22, 2008 released = 2003 platform = Linux operating system = Slackware and derivatives genre = Automation license = GNU General Public… … Wikipedia
GPS for the visually impaired — There have been many attempts at integrating Global Positioning System into a navigation assistance system for the blind. GPS was introduced in the late 1980s and since then there have been several research projects. Satellite navigation… … Wikipedia
Minor characters on Frasier — Besides the main characters Frasier Crane, his father Martin and brother Niles, Daphne Moon, Roz Doyle and a few others, there are several minor characters who regularly appear on the American television sitcom Frasier, or who have important but… … Wikipedia
Culture of Botswana — Besides referring to the language of the dominant people groups in Botswana, Setswana is the adjective used to describe the rich cultural traditions of the Batswana whether construed as members of the Setswana ethnic groups or of all citizens of… … Wikipedia
